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Overview

Helidon provides a MicroProfile server implementation (io.helidon.microprofile.server.Server) that encapsulates the Helidon WebServer.

Maven-Coordinates

To enable MicroProfile Server add the helidon-microprofile-core bundle dependency to your project’s pom.xml (see Managing Dependencies).

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.helidon.microprofile.bundles</groupId>
    <artifactId>helidon-microprofile-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
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MicroProfile Server is already included in the bundle.

If full control over the dependencies is required, and you want to minimize the quantity of the dependencies - Helidon MicroProfile Server should be used. In this case the following dependencies should be included in your project’s pom.xml:

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.helidon.microprofile.server</groupId>
    <artifactId>helidon-microprofile-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
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Usage

Helidon Microprofile Server is used to collect and deploy JAX-RS application(s). When starting Helidon MP, it is recommended to use the io.helidon.Main main class, which will take care of starting Helidon. CDI will then discover all extensions, including the Server extension and start it.

See the Helidon MP Quickstart example. Note that the server lifecycle is bound to CDI.

Usage of the io.helidon.microprofile.server.Server API is discouraged, as Helidon MP uses convention to discover and configure features, which makes the applications easier to understand and maintain.

API

The following table provides a brief description of routing annotations, including its parameters. More information in Configuring a WebServer route section.

AnnotationDescription
@RoutingName(
    value = ""
    required = false
)
Binds a JAX-RS Application or Helidon Service to a specific (named) routing on WebServer.The routing should have a corresponding named socket configured on the WebServer to run the routing on.
@RoutingPath("/path")
Path of a Helidon Service to register with routing.

Configuration

By default, the server uses the MicroProfile Config, but you may also want to use Helidon configuration.

In this example, the configuration is in a file, and it includes Helidon configuration options.

Configuration reference:

Configuration options

KeyKindTypeDefault ValueDescription
backlogVALUEInteger1024Accept backlog
bind-addressVALUEi.h.w.W.ListenerCustomMethods The address to bind to
concurrency-limitVALUEi.h.c.c.l.Limit Concurrency limit to use to limit concurrent execution of incoming requests
concurrency-limit-discover-servicesVALUEBooleanfalseWhether to enable automatic service discovery for concurrency-limit
connection-optionsVALUEi.h.c.s.SocketOptions Options for connections accepted by this listener
content-encodingVALUEi.h.h.e.ContentEncodingContext Configure the listener specific io.helidon.http.encoding.ContentEncodingContext
enable-proxy-protocolVALUEBooleanfalseEnable proxy protocol support for this socket
error-handlingVALUEi.h.w.ErrorHandling Configuration for this listener's error handling
featuresLISTi.h.w.s.ServerFeature Server features allow customization of the server, listeners, or routings
features-discover-servicesVALUEBooleantrueWhether to enable automatic service discovery for features
hostVALUEString0.0.0.0Host of the default socket
idle-connection-periodVALUEDurationPT2MHow often should we check for #idleConnectionTimeout()
idle-connection-timeoutVALUEDurationPT5MHow long should we wait before closing a connection that has no traffic on it
ignore-invalid-named-routingVALUEBoolean If set to true, any named routing configured that does not have an associated named listener will NOT cause an exception to be thrown (default behavior is to throw an exception)
max-concurrent-requestsVALUEInteger-1Limits the number of requests that can be executed at the same time (the number of active virtual threads of requests)
max-in-memory-entityVALUEInteger131072If the entity is expected to be smaller that this number of bytes, it would be buffered in memory to optimize performance when writing it
max-payload-sizeVALUELong-1Maximal number of bytes an entity may have
max-tcp-connectionsVALUEInteger-1Limits the number of connections that can be opened at a single point in time
media-contextVALUEi.h.h.m.MediaContext Configure the listener specific io.helidon.http.media.MediaContext
nameVALUEString@defaultName of this socket
portVALUEInteger0Port of the default socket
protocolsLISTi.h.w.s.ProtocolConfig Configuration of protocols
protocols-discover-servicesVALUEBooleantrueWhether to enable automatic service discovery for protocols
requested-uri-discoveryVALUEi.h.h.RequestedUriDiscoveryContext Requested URI discovery context
restore-response-headersVALUEBooleantrueCopy and restore response headers before and after passing a request to Jersey for processing
shutdown-grace-periodVALUEDurationPT0.5SGrace period in ISO 8601 duration format to allow running tasks to complete before listener's shutdown
shutdown-hookVALUEBooleantrueWhen true the webserver registers a shutdown hook with the JVM Runtime
smart-async-writesVALUEBooleanfalseIf enabled and #writeQueueLength() is greater than 1, then start with async writes but possibly switch to sync writes if async queue size is always below a certain threshold
socketsMAPi.h.w.ListenerConfig Socket configurations
tlsVALUEi.h.c.t.Tls Listener TLS configuration
use-nioVALUEBooleantrueIf set to true, use NIO socket channel, instead of a socket
write-buffer-sizeVALUEInteger4096Initial buffer size in bytes of java.io.BufferedOutputStream created internally to write data to a socket connection
write-queue-lengthVALUEInteger0Number of buffers queued for write operations

Deprecated Options

KeyKindTypeDescription
connection-configVALUEi.h.w.ConnectionConfigConfiguration of a connection (established from client against our server)
receive-buffer-sizeVALUEIntegerListener receive buffer size

Examples

Access Log

Access logging in Helidon is done by a dedicated module that can be added to Maven and configured.

To enable Access logging add the following dependency to project’s pom.xml:

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.helidon.microprofile</groupId>
    <artifactId>helidon-microprofile-access-log</artifactId>
</dependency>
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Configuring Access Log in a configuration file

Access log can be configured as follows:

Access Log configuration file
server.port=8080
server.host=0.0.0.0
server.features.access-log.format=helidon
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io.helidon.webserver.accesslog.AccessLogFeature

Description

Configuration of access log feature.

Usages

Configuration options

KeyKindTypeDefault ValueDescription
enabledVALUEBooleantrueWhether this feature will be enabled
formatVALUEString The format for log entries (similar to the Apache LogFormat)
logger-nameVALUEStringio.helidon.webserver.AccessLogName of the logger used to obtain access log logger from System#getLogger(String)
socketsLISTString List of sockets to register this feature on
weightVALUEDouble1000.0Weight of the access log feature

See the manifest for all available types.

Configuring TLS

Helidon MP also supports custom TLS configuration.

You can set the following properties:

  • Server truststore

    • Keystore with trusted certificates

  • Private key and certificate

    • Server certificate which will be used in TLS handshake

META-INF/microprofile-config.properties - Server configuration
#Truststore setup
server.tls.trust.keystore.resource.resource-path=server.p12
server.tls.trust.keystore.passphrase=password
server.tls.trust.keystore.trust-store=true

#Keystore with private key and server certificate
server.tls.private-key.keystore.resource.resource-path=server.p12
server.tls.private-key.keystore.passphrase=password
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Or the same configuration done in application.yaml file.

application.yaml - Server configuration
server:
  tls:
    #Truststore setup
    trust:
      keystore:
        passphrase: "password"
        trust-store: true
        resource:
          # load from classpath
          resource-path: "keystore.p12" 
    #Keystore with private key and server certificate
    private-key:
      keystore:
        passphrase: "password"
        resource:
          # load from file system
          path: "/path/to/keystore.p12" 
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  • File loaded from the classpath.
  • File loaded from the file system.

Configuring additional ports

Helidon MP can expose multiple ports, with the following limitations:

  • The default port is the port that serves your application (JAX-RS applications and resources)

  • Other ports (in this example we configure one "admin" port) can be assigned endpoints that are exposed by Helidon components, currently supported by MP Health and MP Metrics

You can set the configuration in either application.yaml or META-INF/microprofile-config.properties:

  • The port 7011 is the default port and will serve your application

  • The port 8011 is named "admin" (this is an arbitrary name)

  • Observability endpoints, such as metrics and health, use the "admin" port through the features.observe.sockets setting.

Server configuration using application.yaml
server:
  port: 7011
  host: "localhost"
  sockets:
    admin:
      port: 8011
      bind-address: "localhost"
  features:
    observe:
      sockets: "admin"
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Server configuration using META-INF/microprofile-config.properties
server.port=7011
server.host=localhost
server.sockets.0.name=admin
server.sockets.0.port=8011
server.sockets.0.bind-address=localhost
server.features.observe.sockets=admin
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Configuring A WebServer Route

Helidon MP Server will pick up CDI beans that implement the io.helidon.webserver.HttpService interface and configure them with the underlying WebServer.

This allows configuration of WebServer routes to run alongside a JAX-RS application.

The bean is expected to be either ApplicationScoped or Dependent and will be requested only once during the boot of the Server.

The bean will support injection of ApplicationScoped and Dependent scoped beans. You cannot inject RequestScoped beans. Please use WebServer features to handle request related objects.

Customizing the HTTP service

The service can be customized using annotations and/or configuration to be

  • registered on a specific path

  • registered with a named routing

Assigning an HTTP service to named ports

Helidon has the concept of named routing. These correspond to the named ports configured with WebServer.

You can assign an HTTP service to a named routing (and as a result to a named port) using either an annotation or configuration (or both to override the value from annotation).

Annotation @RoutingName

You can annotate a service bean with this annotation to assign it to a specific named routing, that is (most likely) going to be bound to a specific port.

The annotation has two attributes: - value that defines the routing name - required to mark that the routing name MUST be configured in Helidon server

@RoutingName example
@ApplicationScoped
@RoutingName(value = "admin", required = true)
@RoutingPath("/admin")
public class AdminService implements HttpService {
    @Override
    public void routing(HttpRules rules) {
        // ...
    }
}
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The example above will be bound to admin routing (and port) and will fail if such a port is not configured.

Configuration override of routing name

For each service bean you can define the routing name and its required flag by specifying a configuration option bean-class-name.routing-name.name and bean-class-name.routing-name.required. For service beans produced with producer method replace bean-class-name with class-name.producer-method-name.

Example (YAML) configuration for a service bean io.helidon.examples.AdminService that changes the routing name to management and its required flag to false:

io.helidon.examples.AdminService:
  routing-name:
    name: "management"
    required: false
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Configuring an HTTP service path

Each service is registered on a path. If none is configured, then the service would be configured on the root path.

You can configure service path using an annotation or configuration (or both to override value from annotation)

Annotation @RoutingPath

You can configure @RoutingPath to define the path a service is registered on.

Configuration override of routing path

For each HTTP service class you can define the routing path by specifying a configuration option class-name.routing-path.path. The routing-path configuration can be applied to Jax-RS application. See Jakarta REST Application for more information.

Example (YAML) configuration for a class io.helidon.example.AdminService that changes the routing path to /management:

io.helidon.examples.AdminService:
  routing-path:
    path: "/management"
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Serving Static Content

META-INF/microprofile-config.properties - File system static content
# Location of content on file system
server.features.static-content.path.0.location=/var/www/html
# default is index.html (only in Helidon MicroProfile)
server.features.static-content.path.0.welcome=resource.html
# static content context on webserver - default is "/"
# server.features.static-content.path.0.context=/static-file
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META-INF/microprofile-config.properties - Classpath static content
# src/main/resources/WEB in your source tree
server.features.static-content.classpath.0.location=/WEB
# default is index.html
server.features.static-content.classpath.0.welcome=resource.html
# static content path - default is "/"
# server.features.static-content.classpath.0.context=/static-cp
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It is usually easier to configure list-based options using application.yaml instead, such as:

application.yaml - Static content
server:
  features:
    static-content:
      welcome: "welcome.html"
      classpath:
        - context: "/static"
          location: "/WEB"
      path:
        - context: "/static-file"
          location: "./static-content"
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See Static Content Feature Configuration Reference for details. The only difference is that we set welcome file to index.html by default.

Re-direct root using server.base-path

To redirect requests for the root path (/) to another path you can use the server.base-path property:

server:
  base-path: /static/index.html
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For any HTTP request for / this will return a 301 with the Location: header set to the value of server.base-path. This is often used with Static Content Support to serve a specific index.html when / is requested.

Note that this feature is not for setting a context root for applications. To configure alternate context roots see see Setting Application Path.

Example configuration of routing

A full configuration example (YAML):

server:
  port: 8080
  sockets:
   management:
   port: 8090

io.helidon.examples.AdminApplication:
  routing-name:
    name: "management"
    required: true
  routing-path:
    path: "/management"
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Using Requested URI Discovery

Proxies and reverse proxies between an HTTP client and your Helidon application mask important information (for example Host header, originating IP address, protocol) about the request the client sent. Fortunately, many of these intermediary network nodes set or update either the standard HTTP Forwarded header or the non-standard X-Forwarded-* family of headers to preserve information about the original client request.

Helidon’s requested URI discovery feature allows your application—​and Helidon itself—​to reconstruct information about the original request using the Forwarded header and the X-Forwarded-* family of headers.

When you prepare the connections in your server you can include the following optional requested URI discovery settings:

  • enabled or disabled

  • which type or types of requested URI discovery to use:

    • FORWARDED - uses the Forwarded header

    • X_FORWARDED - uses the X-Forwarded-* headers

    • HOST - uses the Host header

  • what intermediate nodes to trust

When your application receives a request Helidon iterates through the discovery types you set up for the receiving connection, gathering information from the corresponding header(s) for that type. If the request does not have the corresponding header(s), or your settings do not trust the intermediate nodes reflected in those headers, then Helidon tries the next discovery type you set up. Helidon uses the HOST discovery type if you do not set up discovery yourself or if, for a particular request, it cannot assemble the request information using any discovery type you did set up for the socket.

Setting Up Requested URI Discovery

You can use configuration to set up the requested URI discovery behavior.

Configuring Request URI Discovery (properties format)
server.port=8080
server.requested-uri-discovery.types=FORWARDED,X_FORWARDED
server.requested-uri-discovery.trusted-proxies.allow.pattern=lb.*\\.mycorp\\.com
server.requested-uri-discovery.trusted-proxies.deny.exact=lbtest.mycorp.com
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This example might apply if mycorp.com had trusted load balancers named lbxxx.mycorp.com except for an untrusted test load balancer lbtest.mycorp.com.

Obtaining the Requested URI Information

Helidon makes the requested URI information available as a property in the request context:

Retrieving Requested URI Information
public class MyFilter implements ContainerRequestFilter {

    @Override
    public void filter(ContainerRequestContext requestContext) {
        UriInfo uriInfo = (UriInfo) requestContext.getProperty("io.helidon.jaxrs.requested-uri");
        // ...
    }
}
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See the UriInfo JavaDoc for more information.

The requestContext.getUriInfo() method returns the Jakarta RESTful web services UriInfo object, not the Helidon-provided requested URI information UriInfo record.

Reference